Breast cancer screening
Physical examination
It is used for the initial screening of breast cancer to determine whether there are signs of breast abnormalities (such as breast lumps, breast skin changes, nipple discharge, etc.) and the condition of lymph nodes in newly diagnosed patients. The diagnosis should be combined with the results of other auxiliary examinations in the later stage.
Film degree exam
Mammography
Widely used in breast cancer screening, its advantage is to look at calcifications, especially some small calcifications (may be the manifestation of very early breast cancer). Breast ultrasound
Used in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of breast cancer, it can make a judgment on the nature of the mass. Young, pregnant, and lactating women can be used as the first choice for imaging examinations. Breast magnetic resonance imaging
Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is used for staging assessment of breast cancer, and has advantages in finding small lesions, multiple centers, and multiple lesions, and evaluating the extent of lesions.
Tissue biopsy
It is used for patients with suspected breast cancer that cannot be clearly identified by imaging. The tumor can be removed together with the surrounding breast tissue for histopathological examination.
In addition to direct resection, the tumor can be punctured under ultrasound guidance, and a small amount of tumor tissue can be removed for pathological examination.
Breast cancer tumor marker examination
Common examination indicators include serum cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125), etc., to provide supplementary evidence for the diagnosis of breast cancer, and to check the recurrence and metastasis after surgery. monitor.
Immunohistochemical examination?
Common examination indicators include Ki-67, HER-2, ER, PR, etc., which are used to diagnose the molecular type of breast cancer and provide a basis for later treatment. Positive ER and PR indicate hormone-dependent breast cancer, while Ki-67 and HER-2 positive indicate that the tumor is highly aggressive and prone to recurrence and metastasis.
