Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) is a general term for a group of independent diseases with strong heterogeneity. NHL lesions are malignant tumors that mainly occur in lymph nodes, spleen, thymus and other lymphoid organs, and can also occur in lymphoid tissues and organs outside the lymph nodes. According to the source of cells, they are divided into three basic types: B cells, T cells and NK/T cells NHL. Most clinical NHLs are of the B cell type, accounting for 70%-85% of the total. NHL is more complicated in pathological classification, clinical manifestations, and individualized treatment stratification, but it is a kind of tumor that may be highly cured. At present, the incidence rate is increasing obviously at different ages.

Treatment departments: Oncology, Hematology

Common disease sites: lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, lymphatic tissues outside the lymph nodes and the lymphoid hematopoietic system of organs

Common symptoms: fever, night sweats, weight loss, skin itching, skin lesions, abdominal fullness, abdominal pain, indigestion, abdominal mass, gastrointestinal bleeding, intestinal obstruction, intestinal perforation, lymphadenopathy, nasal congestion, epistaxis, local mucosa ulcer

Infectiousness: None

Cause

The reason for the increased incidence of NHL is still unclear, and it should be the result of a combination of many factors.

1. Abnormal immune function

Whether it is congenital or acquired immune dysfunction are related factors. For example, patients with acquired autoimmune diseases, Sjogren’s syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc. are often accompanied by impaired T lymphocyte function, which affects the body's immune response to viral infection and new malignant cells. In this part of patients, the incidence of NHL increases Several times.

2. Virus infection

Many viruses are related to the NHL. Including Epstein-Barr virus, human T lymphocyte type I virus, human herpes virus type 8, etc.

3. Bacterial infection

Bacteria cannot directly stimulate tumor cells, but they can stimulate cells in a specific area of ??the tumor to promote the malignant proliferation of cells and lead to the occurrence of tumors. At present, it is known that more than 90% of gastric mucosa-associated tissue lymphoma in NHL is related to Helicobacter pylori infection.

4. Genetic factors

Those with a history of certain blood/lymphatic malignancies in the family’s close relatives may increase the risk of NHL by 2 to 4 times.

5. Other factors

Increased use of chemical substances, increased radiation exposure, poor lifestyle, etc. Such as hair dye may be a risk factor for the disease.